FINGER- NOSE TEST

HOLD YOUR FINGER ABOUT AN ARM'S  LENGTH FROM THE PATIENT. ASK THE PATIENT TO TOUCH YOUR FINGER WITH THEIR INDEX FINGER & THEN TOUCH THEIR NOSE, REPEATING THE MOVEMENTS BACK & FORTH. PATIENTS MAY DEMONSTRATE PAST POINTING (MISSING YOUR FINGER) OR INTENTION TREMOR.

LOW BACKACHE FLEX ION EXERCISES

FLEXION EXERCISES

Flexion exercises are advocated the following goals:

1.  To open the inter vertebral foraminae.
2. To unlock the facet joints.
3. To stretch the hip flexors.
4. To mobilise the posterior fixation of the lumbosacral articulation.
5. To strengthen the abdominal muscles.
6. To stretch the back extensors.
7. To increase the intra-abdominal pressure by contracting the internal& external oblique abdominal muscles.       

Indication of flexion exercises.See below.

 Indication Flexion exercises Extension exercises

• Pain relief on Sitting Lying

Forward bending walking

Lumber lordosis Repeated back bending

Fixed lumber lordosis Decreased lumber lordosis

with bending

• Pain increased on Sitting

                                          Standing                             Driving                      

                                     Sustained forward                   Arising from chain          

                                        bending                                                                            

                                    Repeated backward                 Stooping                              

                                        bending                               Bending                                    

                                        Extreme range of                  Forward bending                

                                      backward bending                                                                

                                                                                    Repeated forward bending                                           

                                    

LOW BACKACHE EXTENSION EXERCISES

TREATMENT  OF LOW BACKACHE DUE TO LUMBAR DISC DISEASE:MUSCLE STRAIN, & LIGAMENT SPRAIN (Common LBA)

The principles of treating common low backache are explained by three R's.

• Relieve pain in acute cases.
• Restore normal movements in chronic cases.
• Recurrence is to be prevented.

The following are the treatment exercises

in low backache.

Extension Exercises

These exercise aim to achieve the following goals:

1. They maintain the normal lumber lordosis
2. They improve the strength of the extensor  muscles of back & hip.
3. In patients with posterior or posterolateral disc prolapse it relieves the pressure on the disc.
4. The improve the mobility of the spine.

Type of Extension Exercises 

1. Extension to neutral
2. Hyper extension exercises

 Contraindication

1. Acute disc prolapse
2. Multiple back operations.
3. Spinal stenosis
4. Spondylolisthesis

Rotational Exercise

1. These exercises provide overall relaxation of the spinal muscles.
2. The external & internal oblique abdominal muscles help in the development of intra-abdominal pressure & help in the maintenance of anterior & posterior trunk balance.

They also provide anterior stability to the spine.

Exercises for Stretching the Side Muscles

Patient lies on the back, keeping the backflat & feet together, the knees are rotated on either side for a count of ten.

Other Forms of Exercises

• Mobility exercises 

1. Pelvic rotation
2. Chest roll on either side in sitting or supine.

• Stretching exercises
• Aerobics 

 

WHAT IS AUTISM?

  Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) & autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development. These disorders are characterized in varying degrees, by difficulties in social interaction, verbal & nonverbal communication & repetitive behaviours.They include autistic disorder, Rett syndrome, childhood dis-integrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder -not otherwhttp://drchetanparasar.blogspot.com/2012/09/what-is-autism.htmlAUSTIMise specified (PDD-NOS) & Asperger   syndrome.

ASD can be associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor co-ordination & attention & physical health issues such as sleep & gastrointestinal disturbances, some persons with ASD excel in visual skills, music, math & art.http://drchetanparasar.blogspot.com/2012/09/what-is-autism.html Done

Autism appears to have its roots in very early brain development.

However the most obvious signs of autism & symptoms of autism tend to emerge between 2 & 3 years of age. Autism speaks continues to fund research on effective methods for earlier diagnosis as early intervention with proven behavioral therapies can improve outcomes.

Increasing autism awareness is a a key aspect of this work & our families & volunteers play an invaluable role.     

    

  

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF AUTISM?

WHAT ARE THE SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF AUTISM?

http://drchetanparasar.blogspot.com/2012/09/what-are-symptoms-of-autism.html

1. 

AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS(ASD) are characterized by social interaction difficulties, communication challenges and a tendency to engage in repetitive behaviors.However,symptoms& their severity vary widely across these three core areas.Take together,they may result in relatively mild challenges for someone on the high functioning end of the autism spectrum.For others, symptoms may be more severe as when repetitive behaviour s &lack of spoken language interfere with everyday life.

1. Social Communication Deficits
2. Repetitive Behaviours 
3. Language Disability
4. Associated medical conditions

• Genetic Disorders
• Seizure Disorders
• Sleep Dysfunction
• Sensory processing problems
• Pica (tendency to eat things that aren't food) 

WHAT DOES A PHYSICAL THERAPIST DO FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM?

Physical therapists may work with very young children on basic motor skills such as sitting, rolling, standing & playing. They may also work with parents to teach them some techniques for helping their child build muscles strength, co-ordination & skills.

As children grow older, physical therapists are more likely to come to a child's preschool or school.

There they may work on more sophisticated skills such as skipping, kicking throwing & catching.

http://drchetanparasar.blogspot.com/2012/09/what-does-physical-therapist-do-for.htmlIn school setting, physical therapist may pull children out to work with them one-on-one or "push in" to typical school setting such as gym-class to support children in real life situations. It isn't unusual for a physical therapist to create groups including typical & autism-tic children to work on the social aspects of physical skills.These skills aren't only important for physical development, but also for social engagement in sports recess & general play.

Physical therapist may also work with special education teachers & aides, gym teachers & parents to provide tools for building social / physical skills.

WHAT EXACTLY IS A PHYSICAL THERAPIST?

Physical therapist (often called "PTs") are trained to work with people to build or rebuild strength, mobility & motor skills.

Most physical therapist work in clinical settings who are recovering from injuries. Many also work with people recovering from stroke.

 A subset of physical therapists work with children & adults who are coping with lifelong disabilities such as cerebral palsy, spina bifida, or related neurological disabilities.

Dance & movement therapy hippo therapy ( therapeutic horseback riding) aquatic therapy (therapeutic swimming) recreational therapy & even play therapy may also be offered by people with a background in physical therapy.  

   

HOW THE PHYSICAL THERAPY HELP THE CHILDREN SUFFERING FROM AUTISM?

WHY WOULD A PERSON WITH AUTISM NEED TO SEE A PHYSICAL  THERAPIST?

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder. This means that most people on the autism spectrum have delays, differences or disorder in many areas including gross & fine motor skills.

Children on the spectrum may have low muscle tone, or have a tough time with co-ordination & sports. These issues can interfere with basic day- to-day functioning & they are almost certain to interfere with social & physical development. 

Children with autism would rarely be termed physically disabled (though there are some autistic children with very low muscle tone, which may make it difficult to sit or walk for long periods) most children with autism do, however have physical imitations.

FAQ

         DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PHYSICAL THERAPY & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY AS RELATED SERVICES IN EDUCATION 

One common question asked by parents is what is the difference between physical therapy & occupational therapy services

provided through schools as a related special education service?

Both therapies are related services to special education & are provided only if the child needs therapy to function in the educational setting.

The role of  physical therapist & an occupational therapist is to facilitate a student's independent functioning & decrease the effects of a disability on his/her ability to participate in the educational setting & process.

The following is a general response to the difference between the two.

Physical Therapy (PT): emphasizes the acquisition of basic motor skills necessary for functional mobility about the school environment as well as the physical capability for participating with peers during education & recess.Areas of focus for the school physical therapist include:

• Gross motor skills: activities that use large muscles

• Mobility skills: moving safely throughout the school environment, including entering & exiting the school bus

• Postural control & alignment needed to perform school activities & for increasing independence in life skills

Occupational therapy (OT):emphasizes the acquisition of or compensation for functional performance skills needed by students during their educational experience:

• Fine motor skills: small, finely coordinated hand movements
• Visual  perceptual skills: the ability to understand & interpret what is seen.
• Visual motor skills: the ability to coordinate visual skills & motor skills 
• Self care skills: feeding, dressing, hygiene,& toileting skills for increasing independence in necessary life skills

Both physical & occupational therapist may address the following areas:

• Strength & endurance
• Body awareness
• Classroom positioning & adaptions 
• Sensory motor skills necessary for participation in an educational program

Physical therapists & occupational therapist have similar training. Occupational therapists receive more training in oral & hand skill interventions & physical therapists receive more training gross motor & postural development.